This seminar reviews some of the reasons behind electrospray based ion suppression and ways to avoid it. The electrospray technique is reviewed and conclusions from three key peer reviewed publications are highlighted that correlate the impact of residual matrix components to ion suppression. The literature shows increased sample preparation techniques and better chromatography can decrease matrix effects. With this in mind, TurboFlow technology and its impact on ion suppression is studied using several examples. TurboFlow methods do offer an unique way to reduce ion suppression, employing size exclusion, column chemistry, and gradient techniques that avoid phospholipid co-elution. The seminar concludes with tips on how to avoid ion suppression in LC-MS/MS.
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